粉煤灰增钙渣水泥试验研究

提出了粉煤灰增钙渣水泥的最佳配合比及工艺技术参数。并介绍了该品种水泥的物理力学性能，为粉煤灰增钙渣水泥的生产与应用提供了一定的依据     

滆湖磷迁移模型方程的重新推导--兼与<滆湖磷迁移模型的研究>一文作者商榷

根据物质平衡原理对滆湖磷迁移模型方程进行推导、旨在与<环境科学学报>1998年1期发表的"滆湖磷迁移模型的研究"一文的作者进行商榷.     

南京市城市生活垃圾分类收集问卷调查

围绕南京市城市生活垃圾分类收集的问卷调查展开，揭示了南京市生活垃圾收集开展的现状，分析了其间存在的问题及成因，提出了相应的改进意见和解决办法，为生活垃圾分类收集在全国的推广提供了依据。     

超声对污泥流变性及絮凝脱水性的影响

采用旋转粘度法研究了活性污泥体系的流变特性,考察和比较了超声处理前后污泥粘度及过滤比阻的变化,并就超声处理污泥的絮凝脱水性能进行了相关测试和分析.结果表明,随剪切速率的增大,污泥表观粘度降低,流动性增大,表现出流体变稀;污泥的流变特性反映出其胶状网络结构具有相对稳定性,污泥对水的结合能力强,因此,其过滤比阻高、脱水性能差;在固定频率25 kHz条件下,低声能密度(0.10～0.15W·mL-1)、短时间(2～3 min)超声处理可有效降低污泥表观粘度及过滤比阻;在絮凝剂(PDMDAAC)投量为污泥干固体质量(TS的)0.5%时,超声处理污泥的过滤比阻与滤饼含水率可分别降低至最小值0.18×109s2·g-1和65.7%.实验结果表明,将超声与絮凝剂结合用于污泥调理是可行的.     

Detection of tritium sorption on four soil materials

In order to measure groundwater age and design nuclear waste disposal sites, it is important to understand the sorption behavior of tritium on soils. In this study, batch tests were carried out using four soils from China: silty clays from An County and Jiangyou County in Sichuan Province, both of which could be considered candidate sites for Very Low Level Waste disposal; silty sand from Beijing; and loess from Yuci County in Shanxi Province, a typical Chinese loess region. The experimental results indicated that in these soil media, the distribution coefficient of tritium is slightly influenced by adsorption time, water/solid ratio, initial tritium specific activity, pH, and the content of humic and fulvic acids. The average distribution coefficient from all of these influencing factors was about 0.1-0.2 mL/g for the four types of soil samples. This relatively modest sorption of tritium in soils needs to be considered in fate and transport studies of tritium in the environment.     

物种概念、形成方式及其划分标准的新进展

本文对物种概念、物种形成方式以及物种划分标准等进行了综合评述。     

污泥超声破解效应及厌氧消化性能研究

针对超声破解污泥的可行性进行了实验研究,重点考察了超声频率、比能耗、作用时间等因素对破解效应的影响,探讨了破解污泥的厌氧消化性能。结果表明,超声作用的施加可使污泥固体有效破解,污泥细胞内的活性有机物被释放至水相并形成溶解性有机物,表现为SCODCr的显著增加;采用低频、高比能耗及延长作用时间有利于获取高的SCODCr增加值;污泥在频率25kHz、比能耗2.0W/mL、作用时间30min条件下破解,其厌氧消化累计产气量可从破解前的268mL提高到473mL,相应TCODCr去除率、VS去除率分别从39.1%、33.5%提高至54.3%、61.7%。研究结果表明采用超声破解技术提高污泥的厌氧消化性是可行的。     

南岳森林群落生物多样性研究(Ⅰ)广济寺森林群落学特征

根据我们对南岳广济寺森林群落的实地考察及其调查资料统计分析结果,发现该群落是一种尚未报道的新类型,即水丝梨+甜槠-尾叶山茶+花竹-蔓赤 车群丛(Association of Sycopsis sinensis+Castnopsis eyeri-Camellia caudata+Phyllostachys nidularia-Pellionia scabra)。该群落内有维管束植物69科116属149种;其属的区系是以热带性质成分为主,温带性质成分为辅,各占56.19％和43.81％;其种的区系成分以华夏、东亚、中国-日本和华东至华中等四种类型为主,同时本群落具有明显的华东至华中过渡交迭性质。在群落中木本植物和草本植物各占71.14％和28.86％,草本植物中的多年生和一年生类型各占22.82％和6.04％。本群落可以明显划分为乔、灌、草三个层次,每个层次又可以进一步划分为三个亚层。这一群落是中亚热带东部典型常绿阔叶林北部植被地理亚带中的常绿阔叶林,在演替过程中,群落仍将保持以水丝梨为优势种的常绿阔叶林,但其亚优势种——甜槠将可能会被多脉青冈、中华石楠、长叶石栎取代。     

Human exposure and health risk of alpha-, beta-, gamma- and delta-hexachlorocyclohexane (HCHs) in Tianjin, China

The dynamic exposures to HCHs of individuals born between the years 1913 and 1993 in Tianjin have been simulated by connecting a fugacity model (IV) with a multimedia exposure model. Ingestion is the most important pathway for human beings to take up HCHs, and concentrations in the human body correlate with body weight changes. Accumulations of HCHs were derived assuming that the degradation in human body behaved linearly. The health risk of exposure to HCHs was measured using cancer risk and loss of life expectancy (LLE), and LLE was modified from its original definition to incorporate a dynamic calculation that takes variances in exposure into account. Monte-Carlo simulations were run to analyze the uncertainties of the model.     

Kinetics of quinoline degradation by O3/UV in aqueous phase

The kinetics of quinoline degradation by O3/UV in aqueous phase was studied in this paper. It was found that the stoichiometric factor for the number of ozone molecule consumed by per quinoline molecule was 1. The second-order rate constants at 15 degrees C for the direct reaction of quinoline with ozone and that for the reaction of quinoline with *OH were determined to be 51.0 and 7.24 x 10(9) M(-1)s(-1), respectively. In O3/UV reaction system, *OH was the more important oxidant to degrade quinoline than ozone. For a comparison, in O3 reaction system, the relative importance of the two oxidants depended on the pH value greatly. To make the degradation of quinoline more practical, improvement of the concentration of *OH is more feasible.